User’s Guide & Reference 35
A device that transmits/receives computer data through a
communications channel such as radio or telephone lines. It also
changes signals received from the phone line back to digital
signals before passing them to the receiving computer.
nonvolatile memory (NVRAM)
User-programmable random access memory whose data is retained
when power is turned off. On the Sportster, it includes four stored
phone numbers and the modem settings.
off/on hook
Modem operations that are the equivalent of manually lifting a
phone receiver (taking it off-hook) and replacing it (going on-hook).
online fall back/fall forward
A feature that allows high-speed, error-control modems to monitor
line quality and fall back to the next lower speed in a defined range if
line quality diminishes. As line conditions improve, the modems
switch up to the next higher speed.
originate mode
The mode used by your modem when initiating an outgoing call to a
destination modem. The transmit/receive frequencies are the
reverse of the called modem, which is in answer mode.
originate mode
The mode used by your modem when initiating an outgoing call to a
destination modem. The transmit/receive frequencies are the
reverse of the called modem, which is in answer mode
parity
A simple error-detection method that checks the validity of a
transmitted character. Character checking has been surpassed by
more reliable and efficient forms of error checking, including V.42
and MNP 2-4 protocols. Either the same type of parity must be
used by two communicating computers, or both may omit parity.
protocol
A system of rules and procedures governing communications
between two or more devices. Protocols vary, but communicating
devices must follow the same protocol in order to exchange data.
The format of the data, readiness to receive or send, error detection
and error correction are some of the operations that may be defined
in protocols.
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